1.) Cash comes in two forms, paper money or coins, and it is created by a royal/central mint.  Money that is created by the government, outsourced to their central bank. Done to meet the obligations of the private banks, which create digital money.

Seignorage is the amount of money that the government makes as a result of printing Cash. (Face value of the note/coin, minus the production cost).  This theoretically should reduce the amount of tax one has to pay if the government is trying to balance its books. 

2.) Digital Money/Bank Deposits, when a customer goes to these private bank ATM and attempt to withdraw cash. Private banks will have to fulfill these obligations to prevent a bank run. 

A banking license gives the bank the ability to create money every time they issue a loan, this is done through double accounting (when they issue a loan, it is both an asset and a liability, and gets added to their balance sheet on both sides). 

Asset because, if they issue you a loan, they earn interest. Liability because, when that amount gets added to customers’ accounts, they can withdraw cash upon this liability. It is not someone else’s savings or money that the banks had on their balance sheet. It is new money that they create. 

Most money supply is created by banks, 97% in most countries. Meaning this is already privatized assets and liabilities. Crony capitalism means you have to have a license to engage in that activity. 

3.) Quantitative Easing, invented in Japan, whereby central banks creates the money, that is then used to issue loans to the public and private sector, such as debt capital markets, bond markets. Flooding money into the economy in extreme events. 

4.) Reference Currency. Libra One form of currency that represents another form of currency. Stablecoins, Paypals, a new digital ledger created by a private company that could create a promise that it is backed by a fiat currency or a cash version. The challenge of these kinds of currencies is that these kinds of reference will slowly erode away. Usually a movement towards the full reserve, but often end up with the assets backing it being fractionally reserved. 

5.) Bitcoin. Sound money.